Keyboard Keys Not Working

Keyboard keys that don't register make typing difficult or impossible. This guide covers all causes and solutions for keys not working, from stuck keys to driver issues.

You can use the online keyboard test to identify which keys are not working.

Quick Fix Summary

• Clean keyboard to remove debris and stuck particles
• Check for physically stuck keys
• Update keyboard drivers through Device Manager
• Test keyboard on another computer to rule out hardware
• Disable keyboard remapping software or accessibility features
• Check keyboard layout settings in system preferences
• Restart your computer after changing settings

Why This Happens

Debris and stuck particles prevent keys from registering. Food crumbs, dust, and other particles can get under keycaps and block the switch mechanism.

Physically stuck keys block other keys from working. Some keyboards have key rollover limitations that prevent multiple keys from registering simultaneously.

Driver issues can cause keys to stop working, especially after system updates. Outdated or corrupted keyboard drivers prevent proper communication between hardware and software.

Software conflicts can remap or block keys. Gaming software, accessibility features, and keyboard remapping tools can interfere with normal key operation.

Step-by-Step Fix Guide

Step 1: Test Keyboard to Identify Problem Keys

Before troubleshooting, identify which keys aren't working. This helps determine if the problem is specific keys or the entire keyboard.

• Use the online keyboard test to check all keys
• Press each key and watch for highlighting
• Note which keys don't register
• Check if the problem affects specific rows or columns
• Test modifier keys like Shift, Ctrl, and Alt separately

The keyboard test shows a history of pressed keys, making it easy to see which keys register and which don't. This information helps narrow down the cause.

If all keys fail to register, the problem is likely driver-related or a complete hardware failure. If only specific keys fail, the issue is likely debris or damaged switches.

Step 2: Clean the Keyboard

Debris under keys is the most common cause of keys not registering. Clean the keyboard thoroughly to remove particles.

• Turn off your computer and disconnect the keyboard
• Turn the keyboard upside down and shake gently
• Use compressed air to blow debris from under keys
• Clean around problem keys with a soft brush
• For mechanical keyboards, remove keycaps if possible
• Use isopropyl alcohol on a cotton swab for sticky keys

Be careful when cleaning. Don't use excessive force or liquid that could damage the keyboard. Let the keyboard dry completely before reconnecting.

After cleaning, test the keyboard again using the online keyboard test. If keys still don't work, continue with other solutions.

Step 3: Check for Stuck Keys

Stuck keys can prevent other keys from registering due to keyboard rollover limitations. Check for keys that are physically pressed down.

• Visually inspect all keys for ones that appear pressed
• Press and release each key to check for sticking
• Pay special attention to modifier keys like Shift and Ctrl
• Check for keys that feel different when pressed
• Use the online keyboard test to see if keys register continuously

Some keyboards have limited key rollover, meaning they can only register a certain number of keys simultaneously. A stuck key counts toward this limit.

If you find a stuck key, clean around it or gently pry it up if it's mechanical. See the guide on sticky or repeating keys for detailed solutions.

Step 4: Update Keyboard Drivers

Outdated or corrupted keyboard drivers can cause keys to stop working. Update drivers to restore functionality.

Windows: Device Manager → Keyboards → Right-click your keyboard → Update driver → Search automatically for drivers. Windows will download and install the latest drivers. Restart your computer after updating.

Mac: System Preferences → Software Update → Install any available updates. macOS updates include keyboard driver improvements.

If automatic updates don't work, visit your keyboard manufacturer's website. Download drivers specific to your keyboard model and operating system.

Driver updates often fix keyboard issues that appear after system updates or software installations.

Step 5: Check Keyboard Layout Settings

Incorrect keyboard layout settings can make keys appear not to work when they're actually mapped differently.

Windows: Settings → Time & Language → Language → Keyboard. Ensure the correct keyboard layout is selected. Check for multiple keyboard layouts that might be active.

Mac: System Preferences → Keyboard → Input Sources. Ensure the correct keyboard layout is selected. Remove incorrect layouts if present.

Test the keyboard after changing layout settings. Some layouts remap keys, which can make it seem like keys aren't working.

Step 6: Disable Keyboard Remapping Software

Software that remaps keys can interfere with normal keyboard operation. Disable these programs temporarily to test.

• Check for gaming software with keyboard macros
• Look for keyboard remapping tools in system tray
• Disable accessibility features that might remap keys
• Check for manufacturer software that customizes keyboard
• Temporarily disable these programs and test keyboard

Some software runs in the background and remaps keys without obvious indication. Check Task Manager or Activity Monitor for keyboard-related processes.

If disabling software fixes the problem, reconfigure it to avoid conflicts with the keys you need.

Step 7: Test Keyboard on Another Computer

Testing the keyboard on another computer helps determine if the problem is hardware or software-related.

• Connect the keyboard to another computer
• Test the same keys that weren't working
• If keys work on another computer, the issue is software-related
• If keys don't work on another computer, the keyboard hardware is faulty

This test helps narrow down whether you need to troubleshoot software or replace hardware.

If the keyboard works on another computer, focus on driver and software solutions. If it doesn't work, consider hardware repair or replacement.

Step 8: Check for Liquid Damage

Liquid spills can damage keyboard circuits or cause keys to stick. If you've spilled liquid on your keyboard, take immediate action.

• Turn off your computer immediately
• Disconnect the keyboard
• Turn the keyboard upside down to drain liquid
• Let it dry completely for at least 24 hours
• Clean sticky keys with isopropyl alcohol if needed
• Test the keyboard after it's completely dry

Don't use the keyboard while it's wet. This can cause short circuits and permanent damage.

If keys still don't work after drying, the keyboard may have permanent damage and need replacement.

Browser and OS Specific Fixes

Windows 10 and Windows 11

Windows keyboard settings can affect key registration.

• Settings → Time & Language → Language → Keyboard → Verify layout
• Device Manager → Keyboards → Update drivers
• Check for Sticky Keys or Filter Keys in Ease of Access settings

macOS

Mac keyboard settings are simpler but should be verified.

• System Preferences → Keyboard → Input Sources → Verify layout
• System Preferences → Accessibility → Keyboard → Check for modifications

Chrome and Other Browsers

Browsers don't typically interfere with keyboard input, but extensions might.

• Disable browser extensions temporarily to test
• Some extensions can remap or block keys

How to Prevent the Problem in Future

Keep your keyboard clean. Regular cleaning prevents debris from building up and blocking keys.

Avoid eating or drinking near your keyboard. Spills can cause permanent damage.

Keep keyboard drivers updated. System updates can reset driver settings, so check drivers after major updates.

Be careful with keyboard remapping software. Test changes before saving, and keep backups of original settings.

Test your keyboard regularly using the online keyboard test. Catching issues early prevents problems during important work.

Frequently Asked Questions

Use the online keyboard test to confirm everything is working.